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Bucket-wheel excavators mine rare earth materials on Ukrainian soil on February 25, 2025, in the Zhytomyr region of Ukraine. (Kostiantyn Liberov via Getty Images)
Middle East
Middle East
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U.S. President Joe Biden delivers remarks in Greensboro, NC on April 14, 2022. (Photo by Peter Zay/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
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Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett and U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken hold a joint press conference following their meeting within the Negev Summit in Tel Aviv, Israel on March 27, 2022. (Photo by GPO/Handout/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
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US President Joe Biden shakes hands with Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, DC, on August 27, 2021. (Photo by Nicholas Kamm/AFP via Getty Images)
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Iranian Clerics chant slogans during an anti-U.S. rally in Tehran on April 14, 2019 after the U.S. designation of Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps as a terrorist organization. (Photo by Rouzbeh Fouladi/NurPhoto via Getty Images)
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Russian President Vladimir Putin speaks with Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi during their meeting in Moscow on January 19, 2022. (Photo by Pavel Bednyakov/Sputnik/AFP via Getty Images)
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Russian President Vladimir Putin shakes hands with Saudi Deputy Crown Prince and Defense Minister Mohammed bin Salman during a meeting at the Kremlin in Moscow on May 30, 2017. (Pavel Golovkin/AFP via Getty Images)
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A man looks on at a snow-covered security checkpoint that marks the entrance to Logar province, beyond the southern gate on January 17, 2022 in Kabul, Afghanistan. (Photo by Scott Peterson/Getty Images)
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Iranian-Christians pray during a New Year mass prayer ceremony in the Saint Gregory church in Tehran on January 1, 2021. (Getty Images)
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President Joe Biden speaks during a meeting in the State Dining Room of the White House in Washington, DC, on January 26, 2022. (Photo by Nicholas Kamm/AFP via Getty Images)
Experts
James Barnett
Research Fellow
Michael Doran
Senior Fellow and Director, Center for Peace and Security in the Middle East
