Current Trends in Islamist Ideology

Pakistani Christian Perveen Bibi weeps outside the torched Saint John Church in Jaranwala on the outskirts of Faisalabad on August 17, 2023. (Aamir Qureshi via Getty Images)

Mourners carry the coffins of slain Iraqi paramilitary chief Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis in the holy Iraqi city of Karbala, during a funeral procession on January 4, 2020. (Mohammed Sawaf via Getty Images)

Worshippers take part in a fitness session after prayer in a mosque of the Bagcilar district in Istanbul on February 8, 2024. (Yasin Akgul via Getty Images)

A Pakistani soldier in the South Waziristan District on October 18, 2017. (Getty Images)

A member of the Iraqi Counter-Terrorism Service raises the victory gesture as others hold upside-down the black flag of the Islamic State in Mosul, Iraq, on June 30, 2017. (Fadel Senna/AFP via Getty Images)

Afghan security forces patrol during ongoing clashes between security forces and Islamic State militants in eastern Nangarhar province on July 26, 2016. (Noorullah Shirzada/AFP via Getty Images)

Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei leads Friday prayer in Tehran, Iran, on October 4, 2024. (Iranian Leader Press Office/Handout/Anadolu via Getty Images)

Iraqi paramilitaries of Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq wave their flag and the national flag on November 25, 2017. (Ahamad al-Rubaye/AFP via Getty Images)

Muslim devotees offer Eid al-Fitr prayers in the old quarters of New Delhi on April 11, 2024. (Money Sharma/AFP via Getty Images)

Afghan people holding flags in Kabul, Afghanistan, on August 15, 2023. (Bilal Guler/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)