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Bucket-wheel excavators mine rare earth materials on Ukrainian soil on February 25, 2025, in the Zhytomyr region of Ukraine. (Kostiantyn Liberov via Getty Images)
Middle East
Middle East
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(Screenshot via YouTube)
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Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Joe Biden shake hands at the start of the first plenary session of the NATO summit in Madrid on June 29, 2022. (Gabriel Bouys/AFP via Getty Images)
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Reform supporters wrapped in Israeli flags look on during a pro-reform demonstration in front of the Knesset, Jerusalem, on April 27, 2023. (Matan Golan/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)
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Mohammed bin Salman greets Bashar Al Assad ahead of the 32nd Arab League Summit in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, on May 19, 2023. (Bandar Aljaloud/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Commentary
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Afghan people stand with food aid being distributed by a non-governmental organisation at a gymnasium in Kabul on January 17, 2023. (Wakil Koshar/AFP via Getty Images)
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(Screenshot via YouTube)
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Qin Gang meets with Bilawal Bhutto Zardari in Islamabad, Pakistan, on May 6, 2023. (Jiang Chao/Xinhua via Getty Images)
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The Israeli and United States flags are projected on the walls of the ramparts of Jerusalem's Old City on February 11, 2020. (Ahmad Gharabli/AFP via Getty Images)
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Iranian troops take part in a military parade during a ceremony marking the country's annual army day in the capital Tehran on April 18, 2023. (Atta Kenare/AFP via Getty Images)
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(Screenshot via YouTube)
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An oil rig in the Iranian area of the Persian Gulf. (Stock Image)
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In Iraq on October 20, 2009. (Abdul Waqar via Flickr)
Experts
James Barnett
Research Fellow
Michael Doran
Senior Fellow and Director, Center for Peace and Security in the Middle East
