Center on Europe and Eurasia

Leaders and officials pose ahead of the 32nd Arab League Summit in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia on May 19, 2023. (Bandar Aljaloud via Getty Images)

Female members of the Ukrainian Army's 128th Carpathian Mountain Assault Brigade prepare to take part on the frontline in Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine, on July 15, 2023. (Ercin Erturk/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

(Screenshot via YouTube)

Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan gives a press conference during the NATO Summit in Vilnius on July 12, 2023. (Ludovic Marin/AFP via Getty Images)

A Ukrainian artilleryman carries a 155 mm shell to fire a M777 howitzer toward Russian positions near Avdiivka in the Donetsk region on June 23, 2023. (Genya Savilov/AFP via Getty Images)

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky attends a meeting of the NATO-Ukraine Council during the NATO Summit in Vilnius on July 12, 2023. (Paul Ellis/Pool/AFP via Getty Images)

NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg at the 2023 NATO summit on July 11, 2023, in Vilnius, Lithuania. (Petras Malukas/AFP via Getty Images)

A Lithuanian soldier stands next to a public bus with a mural on it urging the arming of Ukraine with F-16 fighter jets on the first day of the 2023 NATO Summit on July 11, 2023, in Vilnius, Lithuania. (Sean Gallup via Getty Images)

Ukrainian soldiers use an armored engineer vehicle based on a Leopard tank chassis to pull their comrades car from a ditch on May 11, 2023. (Serhii Mykhalchuk/Global Images Ukraine via Getty Images)

Ukrainian servicemen move with a Howitzer through Vuhledar frontline amid Russia-Ukraine war in Donetsk, Ukraine, on July 1, 2023. (Ercin Erturk/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)