This paper seeks to take stock of NAFTA’s advantages and accomplishments. By looking at what we have done right over the past two decades and building on lessons learned, we can create a framework for North American competitiveness and a map for trilateralism for the coming decades.

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Iranian workers walk past a destroyed residential building due to Israeli attacks in Tehran, Iran, on June 13, 2025. (Morteza Nikoubazl via Getty Images)